Research Review Notes (Time Management)

Characteristics of goals and objectives

-          Measurable

-          Observable

-          Attainable

-          Specific

-          Realistic

Time management – technique of allocating one’s time through setting of goals, assigning priorities, identifying, and eliminating wasted times and using managerial techniques to reach goal effectively.

Principles:

·         Tasks to do should be done in sequence

·         Set deadline

·         Deferring, postponing and or putting off decision can become a habit that will eventually lead to a loss of opportunity

·         Delegation can help

Time-saving techniques/devices:

·         Conduct an inventory of your activities

·         Set goals and obj.

·         Write what you expect to accomplish

·         Devote few minutes for planning each day

·         Organize your workplace

·         Close door policy

·         Learn to delegate

·         When conducting a meeting, organize through agenda

·         Take rest or break

Budgeting- an annual operating plan, a financial road map and plan which serves as an estimate of future costs and plan for utilization of manpower, materials and other resources.

-          Plan for future activities expressed as an/on operational as well as financial or monetary terms.

-          Things to be budgeted:

-          Manpower

-          Materials

-          Other materials

Nursing budget- plan for allocation of resources based on pre-conceived needs for a propsed series of programs to deliver patient care during the year.

Health care institutions:

Revenue budget – summarizes the income which the management expect to generate during the planning period.

Expense budget - describe the expected activity in operational and financial terms for a given period of time.

Capital budget – outlined programmed acquisition, disposal and improvements in an institution’s physical capacity.

Operating budget – expense that damage in response to the volume of services

1.       Salary of nurse

2.       Electricity

3.       Water ill

4.       Medicines

Capita budget - plans for the purchases of building ad major equipment

Organization – refers to a body of persons, methods, policies and procedures through the delegation of functions and responsibilities for the accomplishment of purpose,

Organizing – is the process of establishing formal authority

Organizational structure – refers to the process by which the group is formed, its channels of authority, span of control and lines of communication

Elements:

·         Setting up an organizations structure

·         Staffing

·         Scheduling

·         Develop job descriptions

1.       Informs members of their responsibilities so they may carry them out

2.       It allows the managers and individual workers to concentrate

3.       It reduces chances of doubt and confusion concerning assignment

4.       It avoids overlapping of functions

Organizational structures should be:

·         Updated

·         Retrieved

·         Approved

·         Document

·         Dated (date of last review should be documented)

Organizing principles

-          Unity of command

-          Scalar principle/hierarchy /chain of command

-          Homogenous assignment or departmentation

-          Number of workers

-          Exception principle

-          Decentralization

Organizational chart – drawing that allows how the parts of an organization are linked. It depicts:

·         Formal organizational relationship

·         Areas of responsibility

·         Person to whom one is accountable

·         Channel of communication

types of organizational chart

1.       Vertical

2.       Left-to-right or horizontal

3.       Concentric or circular

Staffing

-A process of assigning competent people to fill the role designed for the organizational structure through the recruitment

-The process of determining an providing the acceptable number and mix of nursing personnel to produce a desired level of care to meet the patient’s demand

Factors that affect staffing:

-          The type, philosophy and obj. Of the hospital and nursing service

-          The population served

-          The number of patients and severity of their illness

-          Availability and characteristics of the nursing staff, including: education, level of preparation, ix personnel, number and position

-          Administrative policies such as rotation, holidays, off-duties, weekends

-          Standard of care desired by the hospital

-          Budget

-          Professional activities and priorities in non-patient activities

-          Hours of work per annum of each employee

-          Pattern of work schedule

Patient classification system

-          A method of grouping patients accdg to the amount and complexity of their nursing care requirements and the nursing time and skills they require

Classification:

1.       Level I – self care or minimal care ex: pts about to be discharged (non- emergency, newly admitted, don’t exhibit usual discharge, require lil tx

2.       Level II – moderate care or intermediate care ex: semi conscious, needs assistance in bathing, slight emotional care

3.       Level III complete or intensive acre – may or may not be conscious

4.       Level IV – highly specialized critical care – hourly output, v/s 15-30 mins, with significant changes in Dr’s order

NCH - nursing care hours