MEDICATIONS

Dose, route, frequency (generic name)	Class/Mechanism of action	Why is the patient on this medication?	Pertinent Nursing Implications
Paracetamol 500 mg 1 tablet every 4 hrs RTC (Antipyretic, analgesic)	Paracetamol reduces the synthesis of prostaglandins which are responsible for the mediation of pain and fever (Karch,Amy,(2010).Lippincott's Nursing Drug Guide.71) Inhibits prostaglandin synthesis that increases intracranial pressure	To lower the temperature during febrile attacks (37.6-40) Decreases intracranial pressure	•        Assess amount, frequency, and type of drugs taken in patients self-medication, especially with OTC dugs. Prolonged used of acetaminophen increase the risk of adverse renal effects. For short-term used, combined doses of acetaminophen and salicylates should not exceed the recommended dose of either drug given alone. •        Fever: Assess fever; note presence of associated signs (diaphoresis, tachycardia, and malaise).
Citicholine 1g every 12 hrs	CNS Stimulant, Peripheral Vasodilators, Cerebral Activators, Neurotropics. Citicholine increases blood flow and O2 consumption in the brain. It is also involved in the biosysnthesis action. (http://nurseslabs.com/2010/01/drug-study/citicholine-sodium/)	This was given to the client to stimulate his nervous system and to increase oxygen in his brain since his LOC deteriorated when he was admitted.	•        Take citicholine as prescribed. •        Take citicholine on time. •        Monitor patient’s neurologic status. •        Note for adverse reactions.
Ranitidine 50 mg IVTT every 8 hours ANST (-)	Reduces gastric acid secretion and increases gastric mucus and bicarbonate production, creating a protective coating on gastric mucosa.	To prevent the patent from gastric mucosal irritation due to gastric secretions because the patient is NPO except medications.	·         Assess vital signs. ·         Caution patient to avoid hazardous activities until she knows how drug affects concentration and alertness.
Mannitol 75cc q 4 hours IVTT	·         Increases the osmotic pressure of the glomerular filtrate, thereby inhibiting reabsorption of water and electrolytes ·         Causes excretion of watter, sodium, potassium, chloride, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, urea and uric acid	Reduction of intracranial pressure	·         Monitor urine output ·         Assess s/s of dehydration or fluid overload
Simvastatin 20mg 1 tab OD @HS	Inhibit an enzyme 3 hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase, which is responsible for catalyzing an early step in the synthesis of cholesterol	Lowering of total and LDL cholesterol. Slightly increase HDL and decrease VDL cholesterol and triglycerides	·         Obtain history especially with regard to fa consumption ·         Serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels should be evaluated
Omega 3 (Omacor) 1cap BID	Reduce inflammation. This is abundant in the brain which plays a vital role in cognitive (brain memory and performance) and behavioural aspects
Co amoxiclav (Natravox) 1.2 g IV q 12 h (ANST)	Co-amoxiclav contains two ingredients, amoxicillin and clavulanic acid. Co-amoxiclav is used to treat bacterial infections, such as infections of the chest and throat, by killing or stopping the growth of bacteria. It can also be used in high-risk patients to prevent infections occurring.	Bacteria may lodge-in in the throat due to the presence of NGT	Before taking co-amoxiclav make sure your doctor or pharmacist knows: If you suffer from kidney or liver problems. If you are taking other medicines, including those available to buy without a prescription, herbal or complementary medicines. If you have ever had an allergic reaction to this or any other medicine, particularly any penicillin antibiotic.